Activated carbon production equipment of the activation furnace working principle, the formation of activated carbon!

Activated carbon equipment - the activation furnace uses oxygen-containing gases such as steam, flue gas (mainly composed of CO2) or its mixture as activators, which are activated by oxidation-reduction reaction in contact with carbon at high temperature to generate carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen and other hydrocarbon gases, so as to achieve the goal of pore formation in carbon particles through carbon gasification reaction ("loss on ignition"). The main chemical reaction formula is as follows:

C+2H2O 2H2+CO2—18kcal ①

C+H2O H2+CO—31kcal ②

CO2+C 2CO—41kcal ③

The above three chemical reactions are endothermic reactions, that is, with the activation reaction going on, the temperature of the activation reaction area of the activated carbon activation furnace will gradually decrease. If the temperature of the activation area is lower than 800 ℃, the above activation reaction can not be carried out normally. Therefore, part of the air and the gas generated by activation need to be injected into the activation reaction area of the activation furnace at the same time to supplement the heat, Or by adding additional heat source to ensure the activation temperature of the activation reaction zone of the activation furnace.

The whole process includes the diffusion of the activator in the gas phase to the outer surface of the carbonized material, the diffusion of the activator to the inner surface of the carbonized material, the adsorption of the activator by the inner and outer surface of the carbonized material, the gasification reaction on the surface of the carbonized material to form the intermediate product (surface complex), the adsorption of the activator by the inner and outer surface of the carbonized material The overactivation reactions, such as the decomposition of intermediate products into reaction products, the desorption of reaction products, the diffusion of reaction products from the inner surface to the outer surface of carbonized materials, finally achieve the goal of activation and pore formation through the following three stages.

(activated carbon activation furnace)

The first stage: the opening of pores formed during carbonization but blocked by disordered carbon atoms and heteroatoms, that is, at high temperature, the activated gas reacts with disordered carbon atoms and heteroatoms first.

The second stage: the open pores are expanding, penetrating and developing to the depth. Because of the unsaturated structure, the carbon atoms at the edge of the pores are easy to react with the activated gas, resulting in the continuous expansion and development of the pores.

Three stages: the formation of new pores. With the continuous activation reaction, new unsaturated carbon atoms or active points are exposed on the microcrystalline surface, so these new active points can react with other molecules of the activated gas, and the uneven combustion on the microcrystalline surface leads to the formation of new pores.

The main operation conditions of activation furnace process control include activation temperature, activation time, flow rate and temperature of activator, feeding speed, oxygen content in activation furnace, etc.

(activated carbon activation furnace in manufacturing)

After crushing and screening, the qualified carbon particles are selected as the activation raw materials, the coarse carbon particles are returned to crushing and screening, and the fine carbon particles are returned to be used as fuel. The qualified carbon particles are lifted from the bucket elevator to the top of the activation furnace and added into the furnace slowly with the help of the gravity of the carbonized materials. The carbon is added into the furnace of the activation furnace every certain time to react with the superheated steam, The carbon is heated and dried by steam in the process of gradual decline to realize activation, and then discharged from the lower discharge port after cooling for a period of time. The steam is preheated to 300-400 ℃ and sent to the activation tube as the activation medium. It flows in parallel with the carbonized material from top to bottom. In the process of flow, it constantly contacts with the carbon particles. After a series of activation reactions, the carbon is burnt out at the lower part of the activation tube and turns into water gas. The water gas and the activated carbon enter the cooling section together and are separated in the separation tube, The flue gas is sent to the furnace outside the activation tube at the bottom for combustion, and the secondary air tube absorbs air to meet the combustion needs. The high temperature flue gas generated by combustion is transferred to the lattice array through the regenerator for heat exchange, so as to maintain the furnace temperature and make the activation reaction continue.

(activated carbon crushing and screening equipment)

After activated carbon equipment activation furnace activated carbon after cooling, crushing screening, finished products for sale, fine carbon recovery into powder activated carbon process, production of by-product powder activated carbon